痞客 台客 虎浪客

英文這種東西阿 學得慢..忘得快 不復習就準備提早Game Over. 所以有空拿出來看看 利用網路記記還不錯. 就像Blog..這個字 不去收尋..還真的不知道部落格 在中國叫做博客 還是部落格來的有創意吧我想. 新的成語說 blog widow..... 真有趣.

就先來復習ㄧ下 Verb Tenses ... 以下是從Heinle & Heinle出版的 Writing Clearly 參考節錄下來的 12 Verb Tenses

簡單把它分成三大類 現在 過去 未來
現在可分 1現在簡單 2現在進行 3現在完成 4現在完成進行 4式
過去可分 5過去簡單 6過去進行 7過去完成 8過去完成進行 4式
未來 可分 9未來 10未來進行 11未來完成 12未來完成進行 4式

     全部共12式 先復習現代式吧！！ 

1.Simple Present
a. to express a habitual or repeated action in the present or to express a condition the a true at any time.
Rose rides her bicycle to school every day.
I am not a morning person. In fact, I usually do not get up until 10:00AM.

b. to express truths that are timeless (well-know laws or principles or even generally accepted truths  about people, place, and customs )
What boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
Generally speaking, Spaniards eat dinner much later than Americans do.
University students often do not get enough sleep.

c. to report what appears in print. This use is common in academic writing when the writer is referring to texts and quotations. 
In the article “The Communication Collapse” Norman Cousins asserts that schools encourage poor writing habits by forcing students to write under time pressure. (Note the writer could also use the past tense,asserted,) 

d. to describes past events as if they were happening now. This use is called the historical present.
My friend and I arrive at Katmandu Airport in February 25. Jim meets us with a taxi, and we drive to what is to be our apartment for nearly three weeks. The drive is culture shock number one.
Formation
Base form of the verb (infinitive without to) or, for third-person singular add -s or -es

2.Present progressive
a. to express an action or activity that is happening right now (at this moment, today, this year );  the action has begun and is still happening.
Tammy is working on the first draft of her essay.
Monica is majoring in aeronautical engineering.

b. to express that an action or activity is happening at present time time and is temporary.
Mark is working for his uncle.  (allows for the possibility that although Mark is working for his uncle now, he may not work for him permanently.)

c. to express an action that already in progress at a specified point of time in the present.
When my roommate gets home after class, I am usually cooking.
At 8:00pm Teresa is usually studying in the library.
Formation
am/is/are + present participle(ing)
 
3.Present perfect
a. to express an action or state that began in the past and continues in the present.
Hiroaki has lived in California for two years.
I have known Hiroaki since he came to California.
 
b. to indicate that an action or event occurred some in the past, although the exact time is not specified or important.
Frank has moved back to France.
I have already filed my income taxes.

c. to indicate that an action or event has occurred more than once in the past (specific times are not given or important) .
Susan has seen the doctor several times about her allergy problem.
Formation
has/have + past participle


4.Present Perfect Progressive
a. to emphasize the duration of an activity that started in the past and has continued in the present.
I have been writing for you for an hour.
Hiroaki has been living in California for two years.

b. to indicate that an activity has been in progress recently (the activity started in the past and is still going on)
Ramon has been reading the book War and Peace.
I have been thinking about moving out of  this place.
Formation
has/have + been present participle(ing)